Violence is a problem of psychosocial well-altering relations of coexistence and affect the physical and mental wellbeing of people. No country or community is safe from violence. In its World Report on Violence and Health PAHO says that "violence is a ubiquitous scourge rends the social fabric and threatens the life, health and happiness of us all. " The violence here is defined as "the intentional use of physical force or power, whether in degree of threat or actual, against oneself, another person or group or community, that causes or has a high likelihood of injury , death, psychological harm, maldevelopment or deprivation "(PAHO, 2002).
Regarding the violence, it is valid to consider the following: Why do we act aggressively humans? What makes us turn against each other, with unparalleled brutality even in the most ferocious predators? Scientists and scholars from various fields have pondered this question for centuries and have proposed different explanations for the paradox of human violence (Baron and Byrne, 1998). Violence has always existed, violence to survive and violence to control the power and violence to rebel against domination, physical and psychological violence.
Regarding the violence, it is valid to consider the following: Why do we act aggressively humans? What makes us turn against each other, with unparalleled brutality even in the most ferocious predators? Scientists and scholars from various fields have pondered this question for centuries and have proposed different explanations for the paradox of human violence (Baron and Byrne, 1998). Violence has always existed, violence to survive and violence to control the power and violence to rebel against domination, physical and psychological violence.
In the Middle Ages and up to s. XVI, ie, from St. Augustine to John Calvin, it was argued that the Creator was not responsible of the existence of evil, but man. It is in the XVI and XVIII where Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau respectively, cemented the foundation for the two major trends that explain the genesis of violence human. Hobbes believed that men were aggressive, selfish and greedy by nature. The sinister conclusion Hobbes, homo homini lupus (man is a wolf to man), was quoted by leading researchers of man: Niccolo Machiavelli (centuries before Hobbes), Nietzsche, Darwin, Freudian psychoanalysis and ethology School formed by Konrad Lorenz, as Hobbes argued that violence is inherent to mankind and that aggression is innate. In contrast, Rousseau theorized that man was naturally good, that society corrupted this goodness and, therefore, the person was not born evil but did perverse. Were the parents of Scientific Socialism, The psychologist Albert Bandura in his social learning theory and the anthropologist Ashley Montagu for whom the aggressiveness of men is not a reaction but an answer, who agreed with eighteenth-century French philosopher. They argue that culture establishes aggressive patterns and learn aggression by observing how others act, the life we \u200b\u200bare exposed to models of aggression in all areas of life (Hergenhahn, 2001). Bandura, social learning psychologist says: "People are not born with aggressive behavior repertoires prefabricated, they should be taught in one form or another" (Bandura, 1975).
Even with all this, the discussion of innate or acquired character of human violence, being the subject of controversy, it takes too much time and effort to reach an endpoint. References
Bandura, A. (1975). Social learning analysis of aggression. In Bandura, A. and Ribes, E. Behavior modification, analysis of aggression and delinquency (pp. 307-347). Mexico City: Trillas. R. BARON
and Byrne, D. (1998). Social psychology. (8ava. Ed.) New York: Prentice Hall.
HERGENHAHN, BR (2001). Introduction to the History of psychology. Madrid: Auditorium.
PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION (2002). World report on violence and health: summary. Washington, DC: PAHO
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